A parliamentary vote is a formal process that must be followed in order for legislation to be passed in parliament. This is in order to ensure fair debate and prevent partisanship, and to allow everyone who wants to speak to do so before anyone else can speak again.

A majority of countries in the world now use a parliamentary system, which is a type of democracy that allows citizens to elect their own representatives and leaders. These are known as MPs (Members of Parliament). They are voted for in each constituency during general elections that happen every five years. The main political parties select their own candidates to represent them, although other candidates from smaller parties or independents without a party affiliation may also stand. The votes are counted and the candidate who wins is their local Member of Parliament (MP) until the next election.

The MPs make laws by passing motions, which are discussed in committees before being put to a vote. If the motion is agreed to, it becomes an Act of Parliament and takes precedence over all previous acts. Some Acts require a supermajority for passage, such as the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2019. However, a supermajority can be bypassed by enacting another act, such as an urgent bill.

The Head of State appoints the Prime Minister, who is usually the leader of the party or coalition with the most MPs. The Cabinet is made up of ministers. The Prime Minister is responsible to parliament, which must approve their work and budgets. If the Cabinet or individual members lose the support of the parliament, they can be removed from office by a no-confidence vote.